مقایسه اثربخشی درمان شناختی- رفتاری و درمان تعامل والد -کودک بر اضطراب و تنهایی کودکان مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب جدایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روانشناسی، واحد بجنورد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بجنورد، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران

3 گروه علوم تربیتی ، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران

10.22034/aftj.2023.340625.1560

چکیده

هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر مقایسه اثربخشی درمان شناختی- رفتاری و درمان تعامل والد -کودک بر اضطراب و تنهایی کودکان مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب جدایی بود. روش پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر از نوع طرح‌های کاربردی و شبه آزمایشی از نوع پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون و پیگیری همراه با گروه گواه بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل کلیه کودکان (دختر و پسر) مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب جدایی شهر ساری در شش ماه نخست سال 1400 بود. نمونه این پژوهش شامل 45 نفر از مراجعه‌کننده به مرکز مشاوره بامداد و مرکز مشاوره باور که با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند و به طور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایشی درمان شناختی- رفتاری و درمان تعامل والد -کودک و گروه گواه در لیست انتظار جای داده شدند. داده‌ها با استفاده از پرسشنامه، مقیاس اضطراب کودکان اسپنس (1997) و پرسشنامه تنهایی آشر و همکاران (1984) به دست آمد. داده‌ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری مکرر و نرم افزارSPSS-26 به اجرا درآمد. یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد که بین دو گروه درمان شناختی-رفتاری و درمان تعامل والد –کودک بر اضطراب و تنهایی در کودکان مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب جدایی تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد و درمان درمان شناختی- رفتاری سبب ایجاد تغییرات بیشتر در اضطراب در کودکان مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب جدایی شد و این درمان قویتر از درمان درمان تعامل والد-کودک در این گروه از بیمارن است. در درمان تعامل والد -کودک سبب ایجاد تغییرات بیشتر در تنهایی در کودکان مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب جدایی شد و این درمان قوی تر از درمان شناختی- رفتاری در این گروه از کودکان مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب جدایی بود (001/0>P). نتیجه‌گیری: میتوان نتیجه گرفت که درمان شناختی-رفتاری بر اضطراب در کودکان مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب جدایی و درمان تعامل والد –کودک می‌تواند به عنوان روش مداخله‌ای موثری برای بهبود تنهایی کودکان مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب جدایی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparing the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and parent-child interaction therapy on the anxiety and loneliness of children with separation anxiety disorder

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zainab Kianoosh 1
  • Bahram Mirzaian 2
  • Hamid Nejat 3
1 Ph.D. student, Department of Psychology, Bojnourd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
3 Department of Educational Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and parent-child interaction therapy on the anxiety and loneliness of children with separation anxiety disorder. Methods: The current research was of the type of practical and quasi-experimental designs of pre-test-post-test and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all children (girls and boys) suffering from separation anxiety disorder in Sari city in the first six months of 2021. The sample of this research includes 30 people who referred to Bammad Counseling Center and Bawar Counseling Center who were selected using available sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy and parent-child interaction therapy and the control group in the list. They waited. The data were obtained using the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (1997) and Asher et al.'s (1984) Loneliness Questionnaire. The data was analyzed using the method of analysis of variance with repeated measurements and SPSS-26 software. Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy and parent-child interaction therapy on anxiety and loneliness in children with separation anxiety disorder, and cognitive-behavioral therapy causes more changes in anxiety in children. He was diagnosed with separation anxiety disorder and this treatment is stronger than parent-child interaction therapy in this group of patients. However, according to the average indices and the effect size obtained in the treatment of parent-child interaction, it caused more changes in loneliness in children with separation anxiety disorder, and this treatment is stronger than cognitive-behavioral therapy in this group of children with separation anxiety disorder. It was separation anxiety disorder (P<0.001). Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that cognitive-behavioral treatment of anxiety in children with separation anxiety disorder and parent-child interaction therapy can be an effective intervention method to improve the loneliness of children with separation anxiety disorder.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cognitive-behavioral therapy
  • parent-child interaction therapy
  • anxiety
  • Loneliness
  • Separation anxiety disorder
طالب پور نیسی، عبدالکاظم.، مهرابی زاده هنرمند، شهین.، و ییلاق، منیجه سودابه. (1392). اثربخشی درمان گروهی تعامل والد-کودک برکاهش نشانه‌های اختلال اضطراب جدایی دانش‌آموزان. مجله دست‌آوردهای روان شناختی،20(1)، 61-78.‎
عباسی، مرضیه.، نشاط دوست، حمیدطاهر.، و آقامحمدیان شعرباف، حمیدرضا. (1389). اثربخشی درمان تعامل والد-کودک بر کاهش نشانه‌های اختلال اضطراب جدایی.مجله روانشناسی بالینی، 2 (6)، 57-47.
 
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