Presenting a Model of Co-Dependency in Women with Addicted Spouses based on their Self-Differentiation with the Mediating Role of Emotional Cognitive Regulation

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD Student in Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University of Karaj, Iran

2 Department of Psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Allame Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Shahr Babak Branch, Islamic Azad university, Shahr Babak, Iran

5 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to present a model of co-dependency in women with addicted spouses based on their differentiation with the mediating role of emotional cognitive regulation. Methods: The research method is cross-sectional correlation. The statistical population of this study consisted of all women with drug-addicted wives who referred to counseling centers, health centers and addiction treatment camps and meetings in Tehran in 1400, of which 188 people by cluster sampling they were selected in stages. In this study, tools of co-dependency (Span & Fisher, 1990), self-differentiation (Skorn and Friedlander, 1998) and cognitive-emotional regulation (Garnfsky and Craig, 2006) were used. Amos-V8.8 software were used to analyze the data. Structural equation modeling was also used to answer the research hypotheses. Findings showed that the model has a good fit. Results: The results also showed that self-differentiation had a significant direct negative effect on co-dependency (P <0.01). Self-differentiation had a direct positive effect on adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies (P <0.01). Adaptive strategies for cognitive emotion regulation have a direct and negative effect on co-dependency (P <0.01). The results showed that non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies had a direct and positive effect on co-dependency (P <0.01). Self-differentiation also had an indirect effect on codependency through cognitive emotion regulation (β = -0.181; P = 0.01). Conclusion: Structural equation modeling fit indices confirmed the overall research model and the direct and indirect effects between the research variables were confirmed. Therefore, according to the results, it can be said that co-dependency is an important variable in predicting self-differentiation and cognitive regulation of emotion.

Keywords

References

اسکیان، پرستو. (1384). بررسی تأثیر روان نمایشگری برافزایش تمایزیافتگی فرد از خانواده اصلی در دانش آموزان دختر دبیرستانی منطقه 5 تهران. پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه تربیت‌معلم تهران.
اسکیان، پرستو.، عابدیان، احمد.، و چنگیزی، فرهاد. (1387). هم‌وابستگی و رابطه آن با تمایزیافتگی در دانشجویان کارشناسی دانشگاه تهران. مجموعه مقالات چهارمین سمینار سراسری بهداشت روان دانشجویان، تهران.
آزادی، شهدخت.، و ناهیدپور، فرزانه. (1395). پیش‌بینی مقدار تمایزیافتگی دختران از روی مقدار تمایزیافتگی مادران: بررسی انتقال های بین نسلی. فصلنامه زن و جامعه، 7 (4)، 136-125.
آقاجانی، طهمورث.، شوقی، بهزاد.، و نعیمی، سارا. (1393). تحلیل روابط ساختاری بین آموزش خودمتمایزسازی با اضطراب امتحان و باورهای خودکارآمدی. مجله دانش و پژوهش در روانشناسی کاربردی، 15 (1): 43-34.
جانی، ستاره و عطادخت، اکبر. (1399). پیش بینی افسردگی و افکار خودکشی زنان دارای همسر معتاد بر  اساس استرس ادراک شده و ناگویی خلقی. فصلنامه فرهنگ مشاوره و روان درمانی، 43 (11): 236-217.
حمیدی، افسانه و ماهی گیر، فروغ. (1396). بررسی بین تمایزیافتگی با هم‌وابستگی در همسران معتاد. کنفرانس ملی پژوهش‌های نوین ایران و جهان در روانشناسی، علوم تربیتی و مطالعات اجتماعی، شیراز.
خدا پناه، مژده.، سهرابی، فرامرز.، احدی، حسن.، و تقی لو، صادق. (1396). نقش واسطه ای تنظیم شناختی هیجان در رابطه بین سیستم های مغزی رفتاری با رفتارهای خوردن در افراد دارای اضافه وزن و چاقی. فصلنامه پژوهش در سلامت روانشناختی، 4 (11): 73-55.
صفری، حسین.، و حقی، ناصر. (1400). مطالعه کیفی عوامل اجتماعی اعتیاد به مواد مخدر: مطالعه موردی: معتادین مواد مخدر شهر کلیبر. نشریه مطالعات جامعه شناسی، 14 (1): 104-89.
قربانی تقلیدآباد، بهرام.، و تسبیح سازان مشهدی، سیدرضا. (1395). بررسی رابطه مکانیزم های تنظیم شناختی هیجان و سبک زندگی با افسردگی. مجله علوم پزشکی نیشابور، 4 (4): 21-11.
مصطفی، وفا.، میرزاپور، هادی.، فلاح زاده، هاجر.، و حمیدی، امید. (1400). نقش واسطه ای خودمتمایزسازی در ارتباط بین هم‌وابستگی و آزار عاطفی د ر دانشجویان زن متاهل. فصلنامه علمی مطالعات زن و خانواده، 9 (1): 84-59.
مطیعیان، سمیرا.، قربانی، مریم.، و گل پرور، محسن. (1393). رابطه هم‌وابستگی با دشواری های تنظیم هیجان در زنان شهر اصفهان. مجله روانشناسی بالینی، 6 (1): 15-1.
References
Bacon, I. McKay, E. Reynolds, F. & McIntyre, A. (2020). The lived experience of codependency: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 18(3), 754-771.‏
Bradshaw, S. D. Shumway, S. T. & Kimball, T. G. (2021). Associations between SUD in the family, PFC functioning, and codependency: Importance of family member recovery. In Family Resilience and Recovery from Opioids and Other Addictions (pp. 145-168). Springer, Cham.‏ (10.22051/JWFS.2021.31455.242)
Brand, M. Young, K. S. & Laier, C. (2014). Prefrontal control and Internet addiction: a theoretical model and review of neuropsychological and neuroimaging findings. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 8, 375.
Brown, C. & Stewart, S. H. (2021). Harm reduction for women in treatment for alcohol use problems: Exploring the impact of dominant addiction discourse. Qualitative health research, 31(1), 54-69.‏
Casale, S. Caplan, S. E. & Fioravanti, G. (2016). Positive metacognitions about Internet use: The mediating role in the relationship between emotional dysregulation and problematic use. Addictive behaviors, 59, 84-88.
Chang, S. H. (2018). Testing a model of codependency for college students in Taiwan based on Bowen's concept of differentiation. International Journal of Psychology, 53(2), 107-116
Doba, K. Berna, G. Constant, E. & Nandrino, J. L. (2018). Self-differentiation and eating disorders in early and middle adolescence: A cross-sectional path analysis. Eating behaviors, 29, 75-82
Dominic, M. (2020). A study to understand the coping strategies and empowering support of the wives of alcohol addicts with special preference to Pudhucherry, India (Master's thesis).
Duarte, C. Ferreira, C. Pinto-Gouveia, J. Trindade, I. A. & Martinho, A. (2017). What makes dietary restraint problematic? Development and validation of the Inflexible Eating Questionnaire. Appetite, 114, 146-154.
Fowler, J. C. Madan, A. Allen, J. G. Oldham, J. M. & Frueh, B. C. (2019). Differentiating bipolar disorder from borderline personality disorder: Diagnostic accuracy of the difficulty in emotion regulation scale and personality inventory for DSM-5. Journal of Affective Disorders, 245, 856-860
Hood, M. M. Wilson, R. Gorenz, A. Jedel, S. Raeisi, S. Hobfoll, S. & Keshavarzian, A. (2018). Sleep quality in ulcerative colitis: associations with inflammation, psychological distress, and quality of life. International journal of behavioral medicine, 25(5), 517-525.
Johnson, D. Varughese, S. & Kallivayalil, R. A. (2021). Resilience in wives of persons with alcohol use disorder and their marital quality: A cross sectional study from a tertiary care center. Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry, 37(3), 312.‏
Kazemi Rezaei, S. A. Khoshsorour, S. & Nouri, R. (2019). The Discriminative Role of Metacognitive Beliefs, Difficulty in Emotion Regulation, and Codependency in Obese Women. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences, 22(4), 86-97.‏
Kazemi, R. S. A. Khoshsorour, S. & Nouri, R. (2019). The discriminative role of metacognitive beliefs, difficulty in emotion regulation, and codependency in obese women
Kim, H. Prouty, A. M. Smith, D. B. KO, M. J. Wetchler, J. L. & Oh, J. E. (2015). Differentiation and Healthy Family Functioning of Koreans in South Korea, South Koreans in the United States, and White Americans. Journal of marital and family therapy, 41(1), 72-85
Lampis, J. Cataudella, S. Busonera, A. & Skowron, E. A. (2017). The role of differentiation of self and dyadic adjustment in predicting codependency. Contemporary Family Therapy, 39(1), 62-72.‏
Lu, L. (2020). The (In) significance of Race in Singapore’s Immigration Context: Accounts of Self-Differentiation by Academically Elite Students. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 1-18.‏
Lu-Ying, N. I. U. (2019, January). The mediating role of self-differentiation in the relationship between college students’ cell phone dependence and family function. In 4th Annual International Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development (SSCHD 2018). Atlantis Press.
Moon, W. H. & Kim, J. Y. (2021). Stress and depression in the Korean college students: Mediated effects of self-differentiation and self-efficacy. In Bio-inspired Neurocomputing (pp. 151-161). Springer, Singapore.‏
Moshavery, M. & Latifi, Z. (2019). Effectiveness of narrative therapy in generalized anxiety and stress coping skills among addicts' wives under treatment in addiction treatment clinics.‏
Rogier, G. Beomonte Zobel, S. & Velotti, P. (2020). Pathological personality facets and emotion (dys) regulation in gambling disorder. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 61(2), 262-270.
Sakiris, N. & Berle, D. (2019). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Unified Protocol as a transdiagnostic emotion regulation based intervention. Clinical psychology review, 72, 101751
Salonia, G. (2021). Codependency and Coping Strategies in the Spouses of Substance Abusers. Sch J App Med Sci, 7, 1130-1138.‏ (DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i07.002)
Spada, M. M. & Marino, C. (2017). METACOGNITIONS AND EMOTION REGULATION AS PREDICTORS OF PROBLEMATIC INTERNET USE IN ADOLESCENTS. Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 14(1).
Tice, D. M. Bratslavsky, E. & Baumeister, R. F. (2018). Emotional distress regulation takes precedence over impulse control: If you feel bad, do it!
Volkow, N. D. Wang, G. J. & Baler, R. D. (2011). Reward, dopamine and the control of food intake: implications for obesity. Trends in cognitive sciences, 15(1), 37-46.‏
Weiss, R. & Buck, K. (2022). Practicing Prodependence: The Clinical Alternative to Codependency Treatment. Routledge.‏
Zahed, A. Ghalilo, K. Abolghasemi, A. & Narimani, M. (2009). The relationship between emotion regulation strategies and interpersonal behavior among substance abusers. Scientific Quarterly Research on Addiction, 3(11), 99-114.‏
Zhu, X. (2019, June). Relationship between Self-differentiation and Self-disclosure of College Students: The Mediating Role of Peer Attachment. In 3rd International Conference on Economics and Management, Education, Humanities and Social Sciences (EMEHSS 2019). Atlantis Press.‏

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 05 March 2022
  • Revise Date: 10 May 2022
  • Accept Date: 10 May 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics